Agromoral Olivos
Llámanos
20 May

Cuándo es mejor plantar un olivo ornamental según el tipo de poda

Un olivo ornamental es una planta que se utiliza como decoración, tanto en viviendas y alojamientos como en parques, jardines y plazas, entre otros.

Las ventajas de los olivos ornamentales en cuanto al medioambiente, es que además de reducir las emisiones de dióxido de carbono y convertirlas en oxígeno, previenen la descomposición del aire en el medio ambiente por los vapores. En el entorno laboral, consiguen reducir el estrés y la ansiedad y ayudan a mejorar el desempeño de los empleados.


Por todos estos beneficios, sabemos que es muy importante tener un olivo ornamental cerca, y para ello te damos a continuación una serie de consejos para saber cuándo y cómo plantarlo según el tipo de poda.

Tipos de poda:

Poda de formación para olivos de varias patas. Busca la pendiente del tronco hacia el exterior. En lugar de buscar cualquier tipo de simetría para cada pata, recorta cada tronco más por el centro que por fuera. No es recomendable cortar ramitas por encima de unos 60 cm y tampoco las hojas del tronco.

Poda de mantenimiento del olivo con varios troncos. Se dice que se forma un olivo cuando la altura del olivo está entre 2,5 y 3 metros. Anteriormente, los olivos de múltiples patas se habían sometido a una poda de mantenimiento. Esto incluye los llamados «chupones» que cortan demasiado desde el interior del árbol, de esta forma se evita el crecimiento completamente vertical del olivo. Además, estas ramas se llaman retoños porque consumen gran parte del alimento del olivo. También se recortan las ramas que nacen directamente de las raíces del tronco. Estas ramas se llaman varetas y se podan como un olivo.

Poda del olivo viejo con varios pies. La poda de olivos viejos consiste en cortar toda la rama principal para renovar la madera, es decir, sustituir la madera vieja por madera nueva. Los rendimientos del olivo se reducen cuando el material vegetal es muy leñoso. Se cree que es un olivo viejo de más de 25 años. El primer paso es abrir un hueco de vida para el olivo. Corta una de las ramas a una altura de 50 cm por encima del corte final para evitar que se rompa. La altura del corte final debe estar entre 120 y 150 cm. Las ramas cortadas se llaman cobertizos.

Pasado el primer año, encontraremos un cogollo con muchos tirantes en la cabeza del cogollo. Al año siguiente, el olivo elegirá naturalmente los tirantes más fuertes. Estos vástagos se podarán después de dos años, dejando de 3 a 5 de los tallos más fuertes.

En el cuarto año, los brazos superpuestos se cortan, dando un total de 2 a 3 ramas. Durante el año se abrirá otro hueco de vida, continuando así con la actualización de la poda. Además, los chupones demasiado largos se deben cortar cada dos años, dejando los más cortos ya que pueden crecer lateralmente, cerrando la brecha de vida resultante y proporcionando la rama de olivo cortada. 

Cuándo podar un olivo ornamental

​​El momento de la poda de los olivos depende de la fecha de recolección de las aceitunas.

La temporada de recolección de aceitunas suele caer entre finales de octubre y finales de marzo. Esta fecha se puede extender o acortar dependiendo del año para satisfacer las necesidades de cosecha, productividad y accesibilidad.

Las fechas de poda del olivo se dividen en 2 etapas:

La primera es la poda limpia, la cual se realiza después del verano y antes de la fecha de recolección de la aceituna. Durante este proceso, el centro del retoño y los pies del olivo eliminan las ramas que han ido creciendo a lo largo del verano. De esta forma, eliminamos la parte que compite con las aceitunas por el alimento del olivo. Así, se puede asegurar que el olivo se dedica a elaborar el aceite que mayoritariamente se produce en esta época. Las herramientas que se suelen utilizar son unas tijeras de podar de mango largo o un hacha.

La segunda es la poda de aclareo y rejuvenecimiento. Esta poda se realiza de enero a abril después de la recolección de las aceitunas. El propósito de esta poda es rejuvenecer el material vegetal en olivos más viejos y como poda de entrenamiento para olivos jóvenes. Por lo tanto, esta poda no se realiza todos los años. La poda de rejuvenecimiento es más frecuente que la poda de formación. La poda de formación de los olivos se suele hacer cada 2 años. La mejor herramienta para este tipo de poda es, sin duda, una motosierra.

Si tienes alguna duda si estás interesado en adquirir uno de nuestros olivos ornamentales o deseas solicitar tu presupuesto solo tienes que contactar con nosotros y te responderemos con la mayor brevedad posible.

147 comments on “Cuándo es mejor plantar un olivo ornamental según el tipo de poda”

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